PI | |
Co-PIs | ; ; |
Project Type | Experimental |
Facilities | |
Awards | CMMI-1536198 |
Keywords | Debris, tsunami, storm surge, elevated structure, hydrodynamic force |
DOI | 10.17603/ds2-q2w5-0t48 |
In the last decade, tsunamis have caused hundreds of thousands of deaths and hundreds of billions of dollars in damage to coastal communities around the world. While a major tsunami has not impacted the United States in some time, there is significant risk to the Pacific Coast and recent storm surge events have shown a potential for damage to domestic infrastructure similar to what was seen in East Asia and the Pacific. Interest in tsunami load predictions for structural design has grown, but it is difficult to develop models that accurately predict the tsunami load response of an individual structure, much less the tsunami risk for multiple structures within a specific region. The framework presented here is designed to improve the safety and sustainability of coastal structures and, consequently, improve tsunami hazard assessments, post-event response, and recovery efforts. Ultimately, this work will result in safer communities through increased public awareness of the risks posed by these types of hazards and enhanced tools to develop resilient infrastructure systems. Increased computing power has prompted the development of novel numerical approaches to tsunami-structure interaction modeling tailored to capture specific physical phenomena with high-levels of resolution and accuracy, including coupled multiphysics models to simulate complex system interactions. If community-specific assessments of structural vulnerabilities are to be achieved, they must be based on a fundamental understanding of these interactions and an ability to efficiently model the associated physical processes in a probabilistic framework that accounts for the uncertain nature of these events. The primary goals of this research project are to establish an open-source modeling framework where 3D computational fluid dynamics solvers can be used efficiently to inform the development of load-prediction capabilities for existing, widely used inundation models and to develop a probabilistic framework for predicting the fluid loading and structural response of coastal structures at a community level. The research team will validate this framework against existing experimental data, assess the effects of bathymetry and community layout on flow, refine the models to include force predictions, and extend probabilistic tsunami hazard assessment methods to include fluid loading criteria. This work will provide users both the framework and the software tools necessary to develop site-specific numerical models to increase the safety and sustainability of coastal structure by improving our understanding of the probabilistic risk posed by tsunami events on these structures.
Author(s) | ; ; ; ; ; ; ; |
Facility | O.H. Hinsdale Wave Research Laboratory, Oregon State University |
Experiment Type | Wave |
Equipment Type | Large Wave Flume (LWF) |
Date Published | 2019-02-23 |
DOI | 10.17603/ds2-ndr1-wv04 |
An error function piston displacement history was used to generate a steep, initially smooth, solitary-like wave that broke on the front face of the test structure. The wave period was 12 s, the still water depth was 2.0 m, and the error function scale factor was 240 (see wmdisp.txt for the wavemaker displacement history). This wave type and its generation is described in "Influence of Finite-Length Seawalls for Tsunami Loading on Coastal Structures" by Thomas, S. and D. T. Cox (see https://ascelibrary.org/doi/10.1061/%28ASCE%29WW.1943-5460.0000125).
Two neighboring structures (NS2) were included in this test configuration with one placed along the left wall of the Large Wave Flume (LWF) and the other near the center of the LWF. Since the right-most of the neighboring structures was placed partially in front of the test structure and its left edge was aligned with the center of the test structure (i.e. half of the front face of the test structure was obstructed by the right-most neighboring structure), the test structure was considered 50% shielded (S50).
File Name |
---|
- Sensor Information | Sensor Config 3Description:
Pressure Gauges: A set of 14 pressure gauges was used in 3 different configurations in different series of tests to obtain pressure measurements at a total of 30 different locations on the test structure. This sensor list represents the third subset or layout 3 of the pressure gauges, which had gauges mounted on the test structure in a rectangular pattern on its front face, pairs of gauges on its left and right faces, and a single gauge each on its bottom and back faces. Each gauge's data was saved to text files named after the gauge type and number. For example, pressure gauge 1 was saved as press1.txt. Load Cells: A set of 9 load cells were used to measure xyz-direction fluid forces acting on the test structure. Load cells 1 an 2 were used to measure x-direction (i.e. streamwise or along the length of the flume) forces acting on a front and a back leg, respectively. Load cells 3 and 4 were attached to the right (i.e. negative y face) side of the test structure and were used to measure y-direction (i.e. transverse or perpendicular to the flume walls) forces. Load cell 5 was attached to the back (i.e. positive x face) side of the test structure and was used to measure the x-direction force. Load cells 6 through 9 were attached to the top (i.e. positive z face) side of the test structure and were used to measure z-direction or vertical forces. The data recorded by each load cell was saved to files named according to the device type and its number. For example, load cell 1 was saved to load1.txt. Wave Gauges: A set of 3 wire resistance wave gauges (WGs) as well as a set of 7 ultrasonic wave gauges (USWGs) were used to measure free-surface elevation time histories along the length of the Large Wave Flume (LWF) and surrounding the test structure, respectively. The data files for these gauges were named according to their types followed by the gauge numbers. For example, WG1 would be saved to wg1.txt and similarly USWG1 would be saved to uswg1.txt. Additionally, a tenth wave gauge was mounted on the LWF piston wavemaker paddle, which saved data to the file wmwg.txt. ADVs: A set of 7 acoustic Doppler velocimeters (ADVs) were used to measure flow velocity vector (i.e. xyz velocity components, where x is along the length of the LWF, y is perpendicular to the LWF side walls, and z is upward) time histories surrounding the test structure. Note that each velocity component was saved separately to different text files, which were named u, v, and w (i.e. the x, y, and z velocity components) followed by the ADV gauge number. For example, the data files associated with ADV1 would be called u1.txt, v1.txt, and w1.txt.
File Name - Event | Breaking Wave - Stiffened Test Structure (SC3-NS2-S50)Description:
To eliminate the 1-DOF type streamwise vibrations of the test structure that occurred during the initial set of trials, diagonal HSS steel section braces were added to restrain this type of motion. This data subset used sensor configuration 3 (SC3), had 2 neighboring structures (NS2), and the test structure was 50% shielded (S50).
File Name
Two neighboring structures (NS2) were included in this test configuration with their edges touching the left and right walls of the Large Wave Flume. Since the front face of the test structure and the neighboring structures did not overlap at all, the test structure was considered 0% shielded (S0).
File Name |
---|
- Sensor Information | Sensor Config 3Description:
Pressure Gauges: A set of 14 pressure gauges was used in 3 different configurations in different series of tests to obtain pressure measurements at a total of 30 different locations on the test structure. This sensor list represents the third subset or layout 3 of the pressure gauges, which had gauges mounted on the test structure in a rectangular pattern on its front face, pairs of gauges on its left and right faces, and a single gauge each on its bottom and back faces. Each gauge's data was saved to text files named after the gauge type and number. For example, pressure gauge 1 was saved as press1.txt. Load Cells: A set of 9 load cells were used to measure xyz-direction fluid forces acting on the test structure. Load cells 1 an 2 were used to measure x-direction (i.e. streamwise or along the length of the flume) forces acting on a front and a back leg, respectively. Load cells 3 and 4 were attached to the right (i.e. negative y face) side of the test structure and were used to measure y-direction (i.e. transverse or perpendicular to the flume walls) forces. Load cell 5 was attached to the back (i.e. positive x face) side of the test structure and was used to measure the x-direction force. Load cells 6 through 9 were attached to the top (i.e. positive z face) side of the test structure and were used to measure z-direction or vertical forces. The data recorded by each load cell was saved to files named according to the device type and its number. For example, load cell 1 was saved to load1.txt. Wave Gauges: A set of 3 wire resistance wave gauges (WGs) as well as a set of 7 ultrasonic wave gauges (USWGs) were used to measure free-surface elevation time histories along the length of the Large Wave Flume (LWF) and surrounding the test structure, respectively. The data files for these gauges were named according to their types followed by the gauge numbers. For example, WG1 would be saved to wg1.txt and similarly USWG1 would be saved to uswg1.txt. Additionally, a tenth wave gauge was mounted on the LWF piston wavemaker paddle, which saved data to the file wmwg.txt. ADVs: A set of 7 acoustic Doppler velocimeters (ADVs) were used to measure flow velocity vector (i.e. xyz velocity components, where x is along the length of the LWF, y is perpendicular to the LWF side walls, and z is upward) time histories surrounding the test structure. Note that each velocity component was saved separately to different text files, which were named u, v, and w (i.e. the x, y, and z velocity components) followed by the ADV gauge number. For example, the data files associated with ADV1 would be called u1.txt, v1.txt, and w1.txt.
File Name - Event | Breaking Wave - Stiffened Test Structure (SC3-NS2-S0)Description:
To eliminate the 1-DOF type streamwise vibrations of the test structure that occurred during the initial set of trials, diagonal HSS steel section braces were added to restrain this type of motion. This data subset used sensor configuration 3 (SC3), had 2 neighboring structures (NS2), and the test structure was unshielded (S0).
File Name
One neighboring structure (NS1) was included in this test configuration in the center of the Large Wave Flume. Since the neighboring structure was placed in front of the test structure and was aligned center-to-center with it, the test structure was considered 100% shielded (S100).
File Name |
---|
- Sensor Information | Sensor Config 3Description:
Pressure Gauges: A set of 14 pressure gauges was used in 3 different configurations in different series of tests to obtain pressure measurements at a total of 30 different locations on the test structure. This sensor list represents the third subset or layout 3 of the pressure gauges, which had gauges mounted on the test structure in a rectangular pattern on its front face, pairs of gauges on its left and right faces, and a single gauge each on its bottom and back faces. Each gauge's data was saved to text files named after the gauge type and number. For example, pressure gauge 1 was saved as press1.txt. Load Cells: A set of 9 load cells were used to measure xyz-direction fluid forces acting on the test structure. Load cells 1 an 2 were used to measure x-direction (i.e. streamwise or along the length of the flume) forces acting on a front and a back leg, respectively. Load cells 3 and 4 were attached to the right (i.e. negative y face) side of the test structure and were used to measure y-direction (i.e. transverse or perpendicular to the flume walls) forces. Load cell 5 was attached to the back (i.e. positive x face) side of the test structure and was used to measure the x-direction force. Load cells 6 through 9 were attached to the top (i.e. positive z face) side of the test structure and were used to measure z-direction or vertical forces. The data recorded by each load cell was saved to files named according to the device type and its number. For example, load cell 1 was saved to load1.txt. Wave Gauges: A set of 3 wire resistance wave gauges (WGs) as well as a set of 7 ultrasonic wave gauges (USWGs) were used to measure free-surface elevation time histories along the length of the Large Wave Flume (LWF) and surrounding the test structure, respectively. The data files for these gauges were named according to their types followed by the gauge numbers. For example, WG1 would be saved to wg1.txt and similarly USWG1 would be saved to uswg1.txt. Additionally, a tenth wave gauge was mounted on the LWF piston wavemaker paddle, which saved data to the file wmwg.txt. ADVs: A set of 7 acoustic Doppler velocimeters (ADVs) were used to measure flow velocity vector (i.e. xyz velocity components, where x is along the length of the LWF, y is perpendicular to the LWF side walls, and z is upward) time histories surrounding the test structure. Note that each velocity component was saved separately to different text files, which were named u, v, and w (i.e. the x, y, and z velocity components) followed by the ADV gauge number. For example, the data files associated with ADV1 would be called u1.txt, v1.txt, and w1.txt.
File Name - Event | Breaking Wave - Stiffened Test Structure (SC3-NS1-S100)Description:
To eliminate the 1-DOF type streamwise vibrations of the test structure that occurred during the initial set of trials, diagonal HSS steel section braces were added to restrain this type of motion. This data subset used sensor configuration 3 (SC3), had 1 neighboring structure (NS1), and the test structure was 100% shielded (S100).
File Name
One neighboring structure (NS1) was included in this test configuration near the center of the Large Wave Flume. Since the neighboring structure was placed partially in front of the test structure and its edge was aligned with the center of the test structure (i.e. half of the front face of the test structure was obstructed by the neighboring structure), the test structure was considered 50% shielded (S50).
File Name |
---|
- Sensor Information | Sensor Config 3Description:
Pressure Gauges: A set of 14 pressure gauges was used in 3 different configurations in different series of tests to obtain pressure measurements at a total of 30 different locations on the test structure. This sensor list represents the third subset or layout 3 of the pressure gauges, which had gauges mounted on the test structure in a rectangular pattern on its front face, pairs of gauges on its left and right faces, and a single gauge each on its bottom and back faces. Each gauge's data was saved to text files named after the gauge type and number. For example, pressure gauge 1 was saved as press1.txt. Load Cells: A set of 9 load cells were used to measure xyz-direction fluid forces acting on the test structure. Load cells 1 an 2 were used to measure x-direction (i.e. streamwise or along the length of the flume) forces acting on a front and a back leg, respectively. Load cells 3 and 4 were attached to the right (i.e. negative y face) side of the test structure and were used to measure y-direction (i.e. transverse or perpendicular to the flume walls) forces. Load cell 5 was attached to the back (i.e. positive x face) side of the test structure and was used to measure the x-direction force. Load cells 6 through 9 were attached to the top (i.e. positive z face) side of the test structure and were used to measure z-direction or vertical forces. The data recorded by each load cell was saved to files named according to the device type and its number. For example, load cell 1 was saved to load1.txt. Wave Gauges: A set of 3 wire resistance wave gauges (WGs) as well as a set of 7 ultrasonic wave gauges (USWGs) were used to measure free-surface elevation time histories along the length of the Large Wave Flume (LWF) and surrounding the test structure, respectively. The data files for these gauges were named according to their types followed by the gauge numbers. For example, WG1 would be saved to wg1.txt and similarly USWG1 would be saved to uswg1.txt. Additionally, a tenth wave gauge was mounted on the LWF piston wavemaker paddle, which saved data to the file wmwg.txt. ADVs: A set of 7 acoustic Doppler velocimeters (ADVs) were used to measure flow velocity vector (i.e. xyz velocity components, where x is along the length of the LWF, y is perpendicular to the LWF side walls, and z is upward) time histories surrounding the test structure. Note that each velocity component was saved separately to different text files, which were named u, v, and w (i.e. the x, y, and z velocity components) followed by the ADV gauge number. For example, the data files associated with ADV1 would be called u1.txt, v1.txt, and w1.txt.
File Name - Event | Breaking Wave - Stiffened Test Structure (SC3-NS1-S50)Description:
To eliminate the 1-DOF type streamwise vibrations of the test structure that occurred during the initial set of trials, diagonal HSS steel section braces were added to restrain this type of motion. This data subset used sensor configuration 3 (SC3), had 1 neighboring structure (NS1), and the test structure was 50% shielded (S50).
File Name
One neighboring structure (NS1) was included in this test configuration with its edge touching the right wall of the Large Wave Flume. Since the front face of the test structure and the neighboring structure did not overlap at all, the test structure was considered 0% shielded (S0).
File Name |
---|
- Sensor Information | Sensor Config 3Description:
Pressure Gauges: A set of 14 pressure gauges was used in 3 different configurations in different series of tests to obtain pressure measurements at a total of 30 different locations on the test structure. This sensor list represents the third subset or layout 3 of the pressure gauges, which had gauges mounted on the test structure in a rectangular pattern on its front face, pairs of gauges on its left and right faces, and a single gauge each on its bottom and back faces. Each gauge's data was saved to text files named after the gauge type and number. For example, pressure gauge 1 was saved as press1.txt. Load Cells: A set of 9 load cells were used to measure xyz-direction fluid forces acting on the test structure. Load cells 1 an 2 were used to measure x-direction (i.e. streamwise or along the length of the flume) forces acting on a front and a back leg, respectively. Load cells 3 and 4 were attached to the right (i.e. negative y face) side of the test structure and were used to measure y-direction (i.e. transverse or perpendicular to the flume walls) forces. Load cell 5 was attached to the back (i.e. positive x face) side of the test structure and was used to measure the x-direction force. Load cells 6 through 9 were attached to the top (i.e. positive z face) side of the test structure and were used to measure z-direction or vertical forces. The data recorded by each load cell was saved to files named according to the device type and its number. For example, load cell 1 was saved to load1.txt. Wave Gauges: A set of 3 wire resistance wave gauges (WGs) as well as a set of 7 ultrasonic wave gauges (USWGs) were used to measure free-surface elevation time histories along the length of the Large Wave Flume (LWF) and surrounding the test structure, respectively. The data files for these gauges were named according to their types followed by the gauge numbers. For example, WG1 would be saved to wg1.txt and similarly USWG1 would be saved to uswg1.txt. Additionally, a tenth wave gauge was mounted on the LWF piston wavemaker paddle, which saved data to the file wmwg.txt. ADVs: A set of 7 acoustic Doppler velocimeters (ADVs) were used to measure flow velocity vector (i.e. xyz velocity components, where x is along the length of the LWF, y is perpendicular to the LWF side walls, and z is upward) time histories surrounding the test structure. Note that each velocity component was saved separately to different text files, which were named u, v, and w (i.e. the x, y, and z velocity components) followed by the ADV gauge number. For example, the data files associated with ADV1 would be called u1.txt, v1.txt, and w1.txt.
File Name - Event | Breaking Wave - Stiffened Test Structure (SC3-NS1-S0)Description:
To eliminate the 1-DOF type streamwise vibrations of the test structure that occurred during the initial set of trials, diagonal HSS steel section braces were added to restrain this type of motion. This data subset used sensor configuration 3 (SC3), had 1 neighboring structure (NS1), and the test structure was unshielded (S0).
File Name
No neighboring structures (NS) were included in this test configuration and consequently the front face of the test structure was 0% shielded (S0).
File Name |
---|
- Sensor Information | Sensor Config 3Description:
Pressure Gauges: A set of 14 pressure gauges was used in 3 different configurations in different series of tests to obtain pressure measurements at a total of 30 different locations on the test structure. This sensor list represents the third subset or layout 3 of the pressure gauges, which had gauges mounted on the test structure in a rectangular pattern on its front face, pairs of gauges on its left and right faces, and a single gauge each on its bottom and back faces. Each gauge's data was saved to text files named after the gauge type and number. For example, pressure gauge 1 was saved as press1.txt. Load Cells: A set of 9 load cells were used to measure xyz-direction fluid forces acting on the test structure. Load cells 1 an 2 were used to measure x-direction (i.e. streamwise or along the length of the flume) forces acting on a front and a back leg, respectively. Load cells 3 and 4 were attached to the right (i.e. negative y face) side of the test structure and were used to measure y-direction (i.e. transverse or perpendicular to the flume walls) forces. Load cell 5 was attached to the back (i.e. positive x face) side of the test structure and was used to measure the x-direction force. Load cells 6 through 9 were attached to the top (i.e. positive z face) side of the test structure and were used to measure z-direction or vertical forces. The data recorded by each load cell was saved to files named according to the device type and its number. For example, load cell 1 was saved to load1.txt. Wave Gauges: A set of 3 wire resistance wave gauges (WGs) as well as a set of 7 ultrasonic wave gauges (USWGs) were used to measure free-surface elevation time histories along the length of the Large Wave Flume (LWF) and surrounding the test structure, respectively. The data files for these gauges were named according to their types followed by the gauge numbers. For example, WG1 would be saved to wg1.txt and similarly USWG1 would be saved to uswg1.txt. Additionally, a tenth wave gauge was mounted on the LWF piston wavemaker paddle, which saved data to the file wmwg.txt. ADVs: A set of 7 acoustic Doppler velocimeters (ADVs) were used to measure flow velocity vector (i.e. xyz velocity components, where x is along the length of the LWF, y is perpendicular to the LWF side walls, and z is upward) time histories surrounding the test structure. Note that each velocity component was saved separately to different text files, which were named u, v, and w (i.e. the x, y, and z velocity components) followed by the ADV gauge number. For example, the data files associated with ADV1 would be called u1.txt, v1.txt, and w1.txt.
File Name - Event | Breaking Wave - Stiffened Test Structure (SC3-NS0-S0)Description:
To eliminate the 1-DOF type streamwise vibrations of the test structure that occurred during the initial set of trials, diagonal HSS steel section braces were added to restrain this type of motion. This data subset used sensor configuration 3 (SC3), had no neighboring structures (NS0), and the test structure was unshielded (S0).
File Name - Event | Breaking Wave - Unstiffened Test Structure (SC3-NS0-S0)Description:
Initially, the test structure was less restrained against streamwise, 1-DOF type vibration, which was observed to have an amplitude of roughly 2 inches. This data subset used sensor configuration 3 (SC3), had no neighboring structures (NS0), and the test structure was unshielded (S0).
File Name
- Sensor Information | Sensor Config 2Description:
Pressure Gauges: A set of 14 pressure gauges was used in 3 different configurations in different series of tests to obtain pressure measurements at a total of 30 different locations on the test structure. This sensor list represents the second subset or layout 2 of the pressure gauges, which had gauges mounted in U-shaped patterns on front and bottom faces of the test structure. Each gauge's data was saved to text files named after the gauge type and number. For example, pressure gauge 1 was saved as press1.txt. Load Cells: A set of 9 load cells were used to measure xyz-direction fluid forces acting on the test structure. Load cells 1 an 2 were used to measure x-direction (i.e. streamwise or along the length of the flume) forces acting on a front and a back leg, respectively. Load cells 3 and 4 were attached to the right (i.e. negative y face) side of the test structure and were used to measure y-direction (i.e. transverse or perpendicular to the flume walls) forces. Load cell 5 was attached to the back (i.e. positive x face) side of the test structure and was used to measure the x-direction force. Load cells 6 through 9 were attached to the top (i.e. positive z face) side of the test structure and were used to measure z-direction or vertical forces. The data recorded by each load cell was saved to files named according to the device type and its number. For example, load cell 1 was saved to load1.txt. Wave Gauges: A set of 3 wire resistance wave gauges (WGs) as well as a set of 7 ultrasonic wave gauges (USWGs) were used to measure free-surface elevation time histories along the length of the Large Wave Flume (LWF) and surrounding the test structure, respectively. The data files for these gauges were named according to their types followed by the gauge numbers. For example, WG1 would be saved to wg1.txt and similarly USWG1 would be saved to uswg1.txt. Additionally, a tenth wave gauge was mounted on the LWF piston wavemaker paddle, which saved data to the file wmwg.txt. ADVs: A set of 7 acoustic Doppler velocimeters (ADVs) were used to measure flow velocity vector (i.e. xyz velocity components, where x is along the length of the LWF, y is perpendicular to the LWF side walls, and z is upward) time histories surrounding the test structure. Note that each velocity component was saved separately to different text files, which were named u, v, and w (i.e. the x, y, and z velocity components) followed by the ADV gauge number. For example, the data files associated with ADV1 would be called u1.txt, v1.txt, and w1.txt.
File Name - Event | Breaking Wave - Stiffened Test Structure (SC2-NS0-S0)Description:
To eliminate the 1-DOF type streamwise vibrations of the test structure that occurred during the initial set of trials, diagonal HSS steel section braces were added to restrain this type of motion. This data subset used sensor configuration 2 (SC2), had no neighboring structures (NS0), and the test structure was unshielded (S0).
File Name - Event | Breaking Wave - Unstiffened Test Structure (SC2-NS0-S0)Description:
Initially, the test structure was less restrained against streamwise, 1-DOF type vibration, which was observed to have an amplitude of roughly 2 inches. This data subset used sensor configuration 2 (SC2), had no neighboring structures (NS0), and the test structure was unshielded (S0).
File Name
- Sensor Information | Sensor Config 1Description:
Pressure Gauges: A set of 14 pressure gauges was used in 3 different configurations in different series of tests to obtain pressure measurements at a total of 30 different locations on the test structure. This sensor list represents the first subset or layout 1 of the pressure gauges, which had gauges mounted along the centerline of the test structure on its front, bottom, and back faces. Each gauge's data was saved to text files named after the gauge type and number. For example, pressure gauge 1 was saved as press1.txt. Load Cells: A set of 9 load cells were used to measure xyz-direction fluid forces acting on the test structure. Load cells 1 an 2 were used to measure x-direction (i.e. streamwise or along the length of the flume) forces acting on a front and a back leg, respectively. Load cells 3 and 4 were attached to the right (i.e. negative y face) side of the test structure and were used to measure y-direction (i.e. transverse or perpendicular to the flume walls) forces. Load cell 5 was attached to the back (i.e. positive x face) side of the test structure and was used to measure the x-direction force. Load cells 6 through 9 were attached to the top (i.e. positive z face) side of the test structure and were used to measure z-direction or vertical forces. The data recorded by each load cell was saved to files named according to the device type and its number. For example, load cell 1 was saved to load1.txt. Wave Gauges: A set of 3 wire resistance wave gauges (WGs) as well as a set of 7 ultrasonic wave gauges (USWGs) were used to measure free-surface elevation time histories along the length of the Large Wave Flume (LWF) and surrounding the test structure, respectively. The data files for these gauges were named according to their types followed by the gauge numbers. For example, WG1 would be saved to wg1.txt and similarly USWG1 would be saved to uswg1.txt. Additionally, a tenth wave gauge was mounted on the LWF piston wavemaker paddle, which saved data to the file wmwg.txt. ADVs: A set of 7 acoustic Doppler velocimeters (ADVs) were used to measure flow velocity vector (i.e. xyz velocity components, where x is along the length of the LWF, y is perpendicular to the LWF side walls, and z is upward) time histories surrounding the test structure. Note that each velocity component was saved separately to different text files, which were named u, v, and w (i.e. the x, y, and z velocity components) followed by the ADV gauge number. For example, the data files associated with ADV1 would be called u1.txt, v1.txt, and w1.txt.
File Name - Event | Breaking Wave - Unstiffened Test Structure (SC1-NS0-S0)Description:
Initially, the test structure was less restrained against streamwise, 1-DOF type vibration, which was observed to have an amplitude of roughly 2 inches. This data subset used sensor configuration 1 (SC1), had no neighboring structures (NS0), and the test structure was unshielded (S0).
File Name
Author(s) | ; ; ; ; ; ; ; |
Facility | O.H. Hinsdale Wave Research Laboratory, Oregon State University |
Experiment Type | Wave |
Equipment Type | Large Wave Flume (LWF) |
Date Published | 2019-02-23 |
DOI | 10.17603/ds2-2y18-rh47 |
A solitary wave (of the sech^2 type) was generated such that it broke ahead of the test structure, producing a fully-formed bore prior to the wave impacting the test structure. The wave height was 1.35 m and the still water depth was 1.85 m.
Two neighboring structures (NS2) were included in this test configuration with one placed along the left wall of the Large Wave Flume (LWF) and the other near the center of the LWF. Since the right-most of the neighboring structures was placed partially in front of the test structure and its left edge was aligned with the center of the test structure (i.e. half of the front face of the test structure was obstructed by the right-most neighboring structure), the test structure was considered 50% shielded (S50).
File Name |
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- Sensor Information | Sensor Config 3Description:
Pressure Gauges: A set of 14 pressure gauges was used in 3 different configurations in different series of tests to obtain pressure measurements at a total of 30 different locations on the test structure. This sensor list represents the third subset or layout 3 of the pressure gauges, which had gauges mounted on the test structure in a rectangular pattern on its front face, pairs of gauges on its left and right faces, and a single gauge each on its bottom and back faces. Each gauge's data was saved to text files named after the gauge type and number. For example, pressure gauge 1 was saved as press1.txt. Load Cells: A set of 9 load cells were used to measure xyz-direction fluid forces acting on the test structure. Load cells 1 an 2 were used to measure x-direction (i.e. streamwise or along the length of the flume) forces acting on a front and a back leg, respectively. Load cells 3 and 4 were attached to the right (i.e. negative y face) side of the test structure and were used to measure y-direction (i.e. transverse or perpendicular to the flume walls) forces. Load cell 5 was attached to the back (i.e. positive x face) side of the test structure and was used to measure the x-direction force. Load cells 6 through 9 were attached to the top (i.e. positive z face) side of the test structure and were used to measure z-direction or vertical forces. The data recorded by each load cell was saved to files named according to the device type and its number. For example, load cell 1 was saved to load1.txt. Wave Gauges: A set of 3 wire resistance wave gauges (WGs) as well as a set of 7 ultrasonic wave gauges (USWGs) were used to measure free-surface elevation time histories along the length of the Large Wave Flume (LWF) and surrounding the test structure, respectively. The data files for these gauges were named according to their types followed by the gauge numbers. For example, WG1 would be saved to wg1.txt and similarly USWG1 would be saved to uswg1.txt. Additionally, a tenth wave gauge was mounted on the LWF piston wavemaker paddle, which saved data to the file wmwg.txt. ADVs: A set of 7 acoustic Doppler velocimeters (ADVs) were used to measure flow velocity vector (i.e. xyz velocity components, where x is along the length of the LWF, y is perpendicular to the LWF side walls, and z is upward) time histories surrounding the test structure. Note that each velocity component was saved separately to different text files, which were named u, v, and w (i.e. the x, y, and z velocity components) followed by the ADV gauge number. For example, the data files associated with ADV1 would be called u1.txt, v1.txt, and w1.txt.
File Name - Event | Broken Wave - Stiffened Test Structure (SC3-NS2-S50)Description:
To eliminate the 1-DOF type streamwise vibrations of the test structure that occurred during the initial set of trials, diagonal HSS steel section braces were added to restrain this type of motion. This data subset used sensor configuration 3 (SC3), had 2 neighboring structures (NS2), and the test structure was 50% shielded (S50).
File Name
Two neighboring structures (NS2) were included in this test configuration with their edges touching the left and right walls of the Large Wave Flume. Since the front face of the test structure and the neighboring structures did not overlap at all, the test structure was considered 0% shielded (S0).
File Name |
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- Sensor Information | Sensor Config 3Description:
Pressure Gauges: A set of 14 pressure gauges was used in 3 different configurations in different series of tests to obtain pressure measurements at a total of 30 different locations on the test structure. This sensor list represents the third subset or layout 3 of the pressure gauges, which had gauges mounted on the test structure in a rectangular pattern on its front face, pairs of gauges on its left and right faces, and a single gauge each on its bottom and back faces. Each gauge's data was saved to text files named after the gauge type and number. For example, pressure gauge 1 was saved as press1.txt. Load Cells: A set of 9 load cells were used to measure xyz-direction fluid forces acting on the test structure. Load cells 1 an 2 were used to measure x-direction (i.e. streamwise or along the length of the flume) forces acting on a front and a back leg, respectively. Load cells 3 and 4 were attached to the right (i.e. negative y face) side of the test structure and were used to measure y-direction (i.e. transverse or perpendicular to the flume walls) forces. Load cell 5 was attached to the back (i.e. positive x face) side of the test structure and was used to measure the x-direction force. Load cells 6 through 9 were attached to the top (i.e. positive z face) side of the test structure and were used to measure z-direction or vertical forces. The data recorded by each load cell was saved to files named according to the device type and its number. For example, load cell 1 was saved to load1.txt. Wave Gauges: A set of 3 wire resistance wave gauges (WGs) as well as a set of 7 ultrasonic wave gauges (USWGs) were used to measure free-surface elevation time histories along the length of the Large Wave Flume (LWF) and surrounding the test structure, respectively. The data files for these gauges were named according to their types followed by the gauge numbers. For example, WG1 would be saved to wg1.txt and similarly USWG1 would be saved to uswg1.txt. Additionally, a tenth wave gauge was mounted on the LWF piston wavemaker paddle, which saved data to the file wmwg.txt. ADVs: A set of 7 acoustic Doppler velocimeters (ADVs) were used to measure flow velocity vector (i.e. xyz velocity components, where x is along the length of the LWF, y is perpendicular to the LWF side walls, and z is upward) time histories surrounding the test structure. Note that each velocity component was saved separately to different text files, which were named u, v, and w (i.e. the x, y, and z velocity components) followed by the ADV gauge number. For example, the data files associated with ADV1 would be called u1.txt, v1.txt, and w1.txt.
File Name - Event | Broken Wave - Stiffened Test Structure (SC3-NS2-S0)Description:
To eliminate the 1-DOF type streamwise vibrations of the test structure that occurred during the initial set of trials, diagonal HSS steel section braces were added to restrain this type of motion. This data subset used sensor configuration 3 (SC3), had 2 neighboring structures (NS2), and the test structure was unshielded (S0).
File Name
One neighboring structure (NS1) was included in this test configuration in the center of the Large Wave Flume. Since the neighboring structure was placed in front of the test structure and was aligned center-to-center with it, the test structure was considered 100% shielded (S100).
File Name |
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- Sensor Information | Sensor Config 3Description:
Pressure Gauges: A set of 14 pressure gauges was used in 3 different configurations in different series of tests to obtain pressure measurements at a total of 30 different locations on the test structure. This sensor list represents the third subset or layout 3 of the pressure gauges, which had gauges mounted on the test structure in a rectangular pattern on its front face, pairs of gauges on its left and right faces, and a single gauge each on its bottom and back faces. Each gauge's data was saved to text files named after the gauge type and number. For example, pressure gauge 1 was saved as press1.txt. Load Cells: A set of 9 load cells were used to measure xyz-direction fluid forces acting on the test structure. Load cells 1 an 2 were used to measure x-direction (i.e. streamwise or along the length of the flume) forces acting on a front and a back leg, respectively. Load cells 3 and 4 were attached to the right (i.e. negative y face) side of the test structure and were used to measure y-direction (i.e. transverse or perpendicular to the flume walls) forces. Load cell 5 was attached to the back (i.e. positive x face) side of the test structure and was used to measure the x-direction force. Load cells 6 through 9 were attached to the top (i.e. positive z face) side of the test structure and were used to measure z-direction or vertical forces. The data recorded by each load cell was saved to files named according to the device type and its number. For example, load cell 1 was saved to load1.txt. Wave Gauges: A set of 3 wire resistance wave gauges (WGs) as well as a set of 7 ultrasonic wave gauges (USWGs) were used to measure free-surface elevation time histories along the length of the Large Wave Flume (LWF) and surrounding the test structure, respectively. The data files for these gauges were named according to their types followed by the gauge numbers. For example, WG1 would be saved to wg1.txt and similarly USWG1 would be saved to uswg1.txt. Additionally, a tenth wave gauge was mounted on the LWF piston wavemaker paddle, which saved data to the file wmwg.txt. ADVs: A set of 7 acoustic Doppler velocimeters (ADVs) were used to measure flow velocity vector (i.e. xyz velocity components, where x is along the length of the LWF, y is perpendicular to the LWF side walls, and z is upward) time histories surrounding the test structure. Note that each velocity component was saved separately to different text files, which were named u, v, and w (i.e. the x, y, and z velocity components) followed by the ADV gauge number. For example, the data files associated with ADV1 would be called u1.txt, v1.txt, and w1.txt.
File Name - Event | Broken Wave - Stiffened Test Structure (SC3-NS1-S100)Description:
To eliminate the 1-DOF type streamwise vibrations of the test structure that occurred during the initial set of trials, diagonal HSS steel section braces were added to restrain this type of motion. This data subset used sensor configuration 3 (SC3), had 1 neighboring structure (NS1), and the test structure was 100% shielded (S100).
File Name
One neighboring structure (NS1) was included in this test configuration near the center of the Large Wave Flume. Since the neighboring structure was placed partially in front of the test structure and its edge was aligned with the center of the test structure (i.e. half of the front face of the test structure was obstructed by the neighboring structure), the test structure was considered 50% shielded (S50).
File Name |
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- Sensor Information | Sensor Config 3Description:
Pressure Gauges: A set of 14 pressure gauges was used in 3 different configurations in different series of tests to obtain pressure measurements at a total of 30 different locations on the test structure. This sensor list represents the third subset or layout 3 of the pressure gauges, which had gauges mounted on the test structure in a rectangular pattern on its front face, pairs of gauges on its left and right faces, and a single gauge each on its bottom and back faces. Each gauge's data was saved to text files named after the gauge type and number. For example, pressure gauge 1 was saved as press1.txt. Load Cells: A set of 9 load cells were used to measure xyz-direction fluid forces acting on the test structure. Load cells 1 an 2 were used to measure x-direction (i.e. streamwise or along the length of the flume) forces acting on a front and a back leg, respectively. Load cells 3 and 4 were attached to the right (i.e. negative y face) side of the test structure and were used to measure y-direction (i.e. transverse or perpendicular to the flume walls) forces. Load cell 5 was attached to the back (i.e. positive x face) side of the test structure and was used to measure the x-direction force. Load cells 6 through 9 were attached to the top (i.e. positive z face) side of the test structure and were used to measure z-direction or vertical forces. The data recorded by each load cell was saved to files named according to the device type and its number. For example, load cell 1 was saved to load1.txt. Wave Gauges: A set of 3 wire resistance wave gauges (WGs) as well as a set of 7 ultrasonic wave gauges (USWGs) were used to measure free-surface elevation time histories along the length of the Large Wave Flume (LWF) and surrounding the test structure, respectively. The data files for these gauges were named according to their types followed by the gauge numbers. For example, WG1 would be saved to wg1.txt and similarly USWG1 would be saved to uswg1.txt. Additionally, a tenth wave gauge was mounted on the LWF piston wavemaker paddle, which saved data to the file wmwg.txt. ADVs: A set of 7 acoustic Doppler velocimeters (ADVs) were used to measure flow velocity vector (i.e. xyz velocity components, where x is along the length of the LWF, y is perpendicular to the LWF side walls, and z is upward) time histories surrounding the test structure. Note that each velocity component was saved separately to different text files, which were named u, v, and w (i.e. the x, y, and z velocity components) followed by the ADV gauge number. For example, the data files associated with ADV1 would be called u1.txt, v1.txt, and w1.txt.
File Name - Event | Broken Wave - Stiffened Test Structure (SC3-NS1-S50)Description:
To eliminate the 1-DOF type streamwise vibrations of the test structure that occurred during the initial set of trials, diagonal HSS steel section braces were added to restrain this type of motion. This data subset used sensor configuration 3 (SC3), had 1 neighboring structure (NS1), and the test structure was 50% shielded (S50).
File Name
One neighboring structure (NS1) was included in this test configuration with its edge touching the right wall of the Large Wave Flume. Since the front face of the test structure and the neighboring structure did not overlap at all, the test structure was considered 0% shielded (S0).
File Name |
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- Sensor Information | Sensor Config 3Description:
Pressure Gauges: A set of 14 pressure gauges was used in 3 different configurations in different series of tests to obtain pressure measurements at a total of 30 different locations on the test structure. This sensor list represents the third subset or layout 3 of the pressure gauges, which had gauges mounted on the test structure in a rectangular pattern on its front face, pairs of gauges on its left and right faces, and a single gauge each on its bottom and back faces. Each gauge's data was saved to text files named after the gauge type and number. For example, pressure gauge 1 was saved as press1.txt. Load Cells: A set of 9 load cells were used to measure xyz-direction fluid forces acting on the test structure. Load cells 1 an 2 were used to measure x-direction (i.e. streamwise or along the length of the flume) forces acting on a front and a back leg, respectively. Load cells 3 and 4 were attached to the right (i.e. negative y face) side of the test structure and were used to measure y-direction (i.e. transverse or perpendicular to the flume walls) forces. Load cell 5 was attached to the back (i.e. positive x face) side of the test structure and was used to measure the x-direction force. Load cells 6 through 9 were attached to the top (i.e. positive z face) side of the test structure and were used to measure z-direction or vertical forces. The data recorded by each load cell was saved to files named according to the device type and its number. For example, load cell 1 was saved to load1.txt. Wave Gauges: A set of 3 wire resistance wave gauges (WGs) as well as a set of 7 ultrasonic wave gauges (USWGs) were used to measure free-surface elevation time histories along the length of the Large Wave Flume (LWF) and surrounding the test structure, respectively. The data files for these gauges were named according to their types followed by the gauge numbers. For example, WG1 would be saved to wg1.txt and similarly USWG1 would be saved to uswg1.txt. Additionally, a tenth wave gauge was mounted on the LWF piston wavemaker paddle, which saved data to the file wmwg.txt. ADVs: A set of 7 acoustic Doppler velocimeters (ADVs) were used to measure flow velocity vector (i.e. xyz velocity components, where x is along the length of the LWF, y is perpendicular to the LWF side walls, and z is upward) time histories surrounding the test structure. Note that each velocity component was saved separately to different text files, which were named u, v, and w (i.e. the x, y, and z velocity components) followed by the ADV gauge number. For example, the data files associated with ADV1 would be called u1.txt, v1.txt, and w1.txt.
File Name - Event | Broken Wave - Stiffened Test Structure (SC3-NS1-S0)Description:
To eliminate the 1-DOF type streamwise vibrations of the test structure that occurred during the initial set of trials, diagonal HSS steel section braces were added to restrain this type of motion. This data subset used sensor configuration 3 (SC3), had 1 neighboring structure (NS1), and the test structure was unshielded (S0).
File Name
No neighboring structures (NS) were included in this test configuration and consequently the front face of the test structure was 0% shielded (S0).
File Name |
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- Sensor Information | Sensor Config 3Description:
Pressure Gauges: A set of 14 pressure gauges was used in 3 different configurations in different series of tests to obtain pressure measurements at a total of 30 different locations on the test structure. This sensor list represents the third subset or layout 3 of the pressure gauges, which had gauges mounted on the test structure in a rectangular pattern on its front face, pairs of gauges on its left and right faces, and a single gauge each on its bottom and back faces. Each gauge's data was saved to text files named after the gauge type and number. For example, pressure gauge 1 was saved as press1.txt. Load Cells: A set of 9 load cells were used to measure xyz-direction fluid forces acting on the test structure. Load cells 1 an 2 were used to measure x-direction (i.e. streamwise or along the length of the flume) forces acting on a front and a back leg, respectively. Load cells 3 and 4 were attached to the right (i.e. negative y face) side of the test structure and were used to measure y-direction (i.e. transverse or perpendicular to the flume walls) forces. Load cell 5 was attached to the back (i.e. positive x face) side of the test structure and was used to measure the x-direction force. Load cells 6 through 9 were attached to the top (i.e. positive z face) side of the test structure and were used to measure z-direction or vertical forces. The data recorded by each load cell was saved to files named according to the device type and its number. For example, load cell 1 was saved to load1.txt. Wave Gauges: A set of 3 wire resistance wave gauges (WGs) as well as a set of 7 ultrasonic wave gauges (USWGs) were used to measure free-surface elevation time histories along the length of the Large Wave Flume (LWF) and surrounding the test structure, respectively. The data files for these gauges were named according to their types followed by the gauge numbers. For example, WG1 would be saved to wg1.txt and similarly USWG1 would be saved to uswg1.txt. Additionally, a tenth wave gauge was mounted on the LWF piston wavemaker paddle, which saved data to the file wmwg.txt. ADVs: A set of 7 acoustic Doppler velocimeters (ADVs) were used to measure flow velocity vector (i.e. xyz velocity components, where x is along the length of the LWF, y is perpendicular to the LWF side walls, and z is upward) time histories surrounding the test structure. Note that each velocity component was saved separately to different text files, which were named u, v, and w (i.e. the x, y, and z velocity components) followed by the ADV gauge number. For example, the data files associated with ADV1 would be called u1.txt, v1.txt, and w1.txt.
File Name - Event | Broken Wave - Stiffened Test Structure (SC3-NS0-S0)Description:
To eliminate the 1-DOF type streamwise vibrations of the test structure that occurred during the initial set of trials, diagonal HSS steel section braces were added to restrain this type of motion. This data subset used sensor configuration 3 (SC3), had no neighboring structures (NS0), and the test structure was unshielded (S0).
File Name - Event | Broken Wave - Unstiffened Test Structure (SC3-NS0-S0)Description:
Initially, the test structure was less restrained against streamwise, 1-DOF type vibration, which was observed to have an amplitude of roughly 2 inches. This data subset used sensor configuration 3 (SC3), had no neighboring structures (NS0), and the test structure was unshielded (S0).
File Name
- Sensor Information | Sensor Config 2Description:
Pressure Gauges: A set of 14 pressure gauges was used in 3 different configurations in different series of tests to obtain pressure measurements at a total of 30 different locations on the test structure. This sensor list represents the second subset or layout 2 of the pressure gauges, which had gauges mounted in U-shaped patterns on front and bottom faces of the test structure. Each gauge's data was saved to text files named after the gauge type and number. For example, pressure gauge 1 was saved as press1.txt. Load Cells: A set of 9 load cells were used to measure xyz-direction fluid forces acting on the test structure. Load cells 1 an 2 were used to measure x-direction (i.e. streamwise or along the length of the flume) forces acting on a front and a back leg, respectively. Load cells 3 and 4 were attached to the right (i.e. negative y face) side of the test structure and were used to measure y-direction (i.e. transverse or perpendicular to the flume walls) forces. Load cell 5 was attached to the back (i.e. positive x face) side of the test structure and was used to measure the x-direction force. Load cells 6 through 9 were attached to the top (i.e. positive z face) side of the test structure and were used to measure z-direction or vertical forces. The data recorded by each load cell was saved to files named according to the device type and its number. For example, load cell 1 was saved to load1.txt. Wave Gauges: A set of 3 wire resistance wave gauges (WGs) as well as a set of 7 ultrasonic wave gauges (USWGs) were used to measure free-surface elevation time histories along the length of the Large Wave Flume (LWF) and surrounding the test structure, respectively. The data files for these gauges were named according to their types followed by the gauge numbers. For example, WG1 would be saved to wg1.txt and similarly USWG1 would be saved to uswg1.txt. Additionally, a tenth wave gauge was mounted on the LWF piston wavemaker paddle, which saved data to the file wmwg.txt. ADVs: A set of 7 acoustic Doppler velocimeters (ADVs) were used to measure flow velocity vector (i.e. xyz velocity components, where x is along the length of the LWF, y is perpendicular to the LWF side walls, and z is upward) time histories surrounding the test structure. Note that each velocity component was saved separately to different text files, which were named u, v, and w (i.e. the x, y, and z velocity components) followed by the ADV gauge number. For example, the data files associated with ADV1 would be called u1.txt, v1.txt, and w1.txt.
File Name - Event | Broken Wave - Stiffened Test Structure (SC2-NS0-S0)Description:
To eliminate the 1-DOF type streamwise vibrations of the test structure that occurred during the initial set of trials, diagonal HSS steel section braces were added to restrain this type of motion. This data subset used sensor configuration 2 (SC2), had no neighboring structures (NS0), and the test structure was unshielded (S0).
File Name - Event | Broken Wave - Unstiffened Test Structure (SC2-NS0-S0)Description:
Initially, the test structure was less restrained against streamwise, 1-DOF type vibration, which was observed to have an amplitude of roughly 2 inches. This data subset used sensor configuration 2 (SC2), had no neighboring structures (NS0), and the test structure was unshielded (S0).
File Name
- Sensor Information | Sensor Config 1Description:
Pressure Gauges: A set of 14 pressure gauges was used in 3 different configurations in different series of tests to obtain pressure measurements at a total of 30 different locations on the test structure. This sensor list represents the first subset or layout 1 of the pressure gauges, which had gauges mounted along the centerline of the test structure on its front, bottom, and back faces. Each gauge's data was saved to text files named after the gauge type and number. For example, pressure gauge 1 was saved as press1.txt. Load Cells: A set of 9 load cells were used to measure xyz-direction fluid forces acting on the test structure. Load cells 1 an 2 were used to measure x-direction (i.e. streamwise or along the length of the flume) forces acting on a front and a back leg, respectively. Load cells 3 and 4 were attached to the right (i.e. negative y face) side of the test structure and were used to measure y-direction (i.e. transverse or perpendicular to the flume walls) forces. Load cell 5 was attached to the back (i.e. positive x face) side of the test structure and was used to measure the x-direction force. Load cells 6 through 9 were attached to the top (i.e. positive z face) side of the test structure and were used to measure z-direction or vertical forces. The data recorded by each load cell was saved to files named according to the device type and its number. For example, load cell 1 was saved to load1.txt. Wave Gauges: A set of 3 wire resistance wave gauges (WGs) as well as a set of 7 ultrasonic wave gauges (USWGs) were used to measure free-surface elevation time histories along the length of the Large Wave Flume (LWF) and surrounding the test structure, respectively. The data files for these gauges were named according to their types followed by the gauge numbers. For example, WG1 would be saved to wg1.txt and similarly USWG1 would be saved to uswg1.txt. Additionally, a tenth wave gauge was mounted on the LWF piston wavemaker paddle, which saved data to the file wmwg.txt. ADVs: A set of 7 acoustic Doppler velocimeters (ADVs) were used to measure flow velocity vector (i.e. xyz velocity components, where x is along the length of the LWF, y is perpendicular to the LWF side walls, and z is upward) time histories surrounding the test structure. Note that each velocity component was saved separately to different text files, which were named u, v, and w (i.e. the x, y, and z velocity components) followed by the ADV gauge number. For example, the data files associated with ADV1 would be called u1.txt, v1.txt, and w1.txt.
File Name - Event | Broken Wave - Unstiffened Test Structure (SC1-NS0-S0)Description:
Initially, the test structure was less restrained against streamwise, 1-DOF type vibration, which was observed to have an amplitude of roughly 2 inches. This data subset used sensor configuration 1 (SC1), had no neighboring structures (NS0), and the test structure was unshielded (S0).
File Name
Author(s) | ; ; ; ; ; ; ; |
Facility | O.H. Hinsdale Wave Research Laboratory, Oregon State University |
Experiment Type | Wave |
Equipment Type | Large Wave Flume (LWF) |
Date Published | 2019-02-23 |
DOI | 10.17603/ds2-2b78-qc48 |
An error function piston displacement history was used to generate a smooth, solitary-like wave that broke past the test structure. The wave period was 18 s, the still water depth was 2.0 m, and the error function scale factor was 360 (see wmdisp.txt for the wavemaker displacement history). This wave type and its generation is described in "Influence of Finite-Length Seawalls for Tsunami Loading on Coastal Structures" by Thomas, S. and D. T. Cox (see https://ascelibrary.org/doi/10.1061/%28ASCE%29WW.1943-5460.0000125).
Two neighboring structures (NS2) were included in this test configuration with one placed along the left wall of the Large Wave Flume (LWF) and the other near the center of the LWF. Since the right-most of the neighboring structures was placed partially in front of the test structure and its left edge was aligned with the center of the test structure (i.e. half of the front face of the test structure was obstructed by the right-most neighboring structure), the test structure was considered 50% shielded (S50).
File Name |
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- Sensor Information | Sensor Config 3Description:
Pressure Gauges: A set of 14 pressure gauges was used in 3 different configurations in different series of tests to obtain pressure measurements at a total of 30 different locations on the test structure. This sensor list represents the third subset or layout 3 of the pressure gauges, which had gauges mounted on the test structure in a rectangular pattern on its front face, pairs of gauges on its left and right faces, and a single gauge each on its bottom and back faces. Each gauge's data was saved to text files named after the gauge type and number. For example, pressure gauge 1 was saved as press1.txt. Load Cells: A set of 9 load cells were used to measure xyz-direction fluid forces acting on the test structure. Load cells 1 an 2 were used to measure x-direction (i.e. streamwise or along the length of the flume) forces acting on a front and a back leg, respectively. Load cells 3 and 4 were attached to the right (i.e. negative y face) side of the test structure and were used to measure y-direction (i.e. transverse or perpendicular to the flume walls) forces. Load cell 5 was attached to the back (i.e. positive x face) side of the test structure and was used to measure the x-direction force. Load cells 6 through 9 were attached to the top (i.e. positive z face) side of the test structure and were used to measure z-direction or vertical forces. The data recorded by each load cell was saved to files named according to the device type and its number. For example, load cell 1 was saved to load1.txt. Wave Gauges: A set of 3 wire resistance wave gauges (WGs) as well as a set of 7 ultrasonic wave gauges (USWGs) were used to measure free-surface elevation time histories along the length of the Large Wave Flume (LWF) and surrounding the test structure, respectively. The data files for these gauges were named according to their types followed by the gauge numbers. For example, WG1 would be saved to wg1.txt and similarly USWG1 would be saved to uswg1.txt. Additionally, a tenth wave gauge was mounted on the LWF piston wavemaker paddle, which saved data to the file wmwg.txt. ADVs: A set of 7 acoustic Doppler velocimeters (ADVs) were used to measure flow velocity vector (i.e. xyz velocity components, where x is along the length of the LWF, y is perpendicular to the LWF side walls, and z is upward) time histories surrounding the test structure. Note that each velocity component was saved separately to different text files, which were named u, v, and w (i.e. the x, y, and z velocity components) followed by the ADV gauge number. For example, the data files associated with ADV1 would be called u1.txt, v1.txt, and w1.txt.
File Name - Event | Unbroken Wave - Stiffened Test Structure (SC3-NS2-S50)Description:
To eliminate the 1-DOF type streamwise vibrations of the test structure that occurred during the initial set of trials, diagonal HSS steel section braces were added to restrain this type of motion. This data subset used sensor configuration 3 (SC3), had 2 neighboring structures (NS2), and the test structure was 50% shielded (S50).
File Name
Two neighboring structures (NS2) were included in this test configuration with their edges touching the left and right walls of the Large Wave Flume. Since the front face of the test structure and the neighboring structures did not overlap at all, the test structure was considered 0% shielded (S0).
File Name |
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- Sensor Information | Sensor Config 3Description:
Pressure Gauges: A set of 14 pressure gauges was used in 3 different configurations in different series of tests to obtain pressure measurements at a total of 30 different locations on the test structure. This sensor list represents the third subset or layout 3 of the pressure gauges, which had gauges mounted on the test structure in a rectangular pattern on its front face, pairs of gauges on its left and right faces, and a single gauge each on its bottom and back faces. Each gauge's data was saved to text files named after the gauge type and number. For example, pressure gauge 1 was saved as press1.txt. Load Cells: A set of 9 load cells were used to measure xyz-direction fluid forces acting on the test structure. Load cells 1 an 2 were used to measure x-direction (i.e. streamwise or along the length of the flume) forces acting on a front and a back leg, respectively. Load cells 3 and 4 were attached to the right (i.e. negative y face) side of the test structure and were used to measure y-direction (i.e. transverse or perpendicular to the flume walls) forces. Load cell 5 was attached to the back (i.e. positive x face) side of the test structure and was used to measure the x-direction force. Load cells 6 through 9 were attached to the top (i.e. positive z face) side of the test structure and were used to measure z-direction or vertical forces. The data recorded by each load cell was saved to files named according to the device type and its number. For example, load cell 1 was saved to load1.txt. Wave Gauges: A set of 3 wire resistance wave gauges (WGs) as well as a set of 7 ultrasonic wave gauges (USWGs) were used to measure free-surface elevation time histories along the length of the Large Wave Flume (LWF) and surrounding the test structure, respectively. The data files for these gauges were named according to their types followed by the gauge numbers. For example, WG1 would be saved to wg1.txt and similarly USWG1 would be saved to uswg1.txt. Additionally, a tenth wave gauge was mounted on the LWF piston wavemaker paddle, which saved data to the file wmwg.txt. ADVs: A set of 7 acoustic Doppler velocimeters (ADVs) were used to measure flow velocity vector (i.e. xyz velocity components, where x is along the length of the LWF, y is perpendicular to the LWF side walls, and z is upward) time histories surrounding the test structure. Note that each velocity component was saved separately to different text files, which were named u, v, and w (i.e. the x, y, and z velocity components) followed by the ADV gauge number. For example, the data files associated with ADV1 would be called u1.txt, v1.txt, and w1.txt.
File Name - Event | Unbroken Wave - Stiffened Test Structure (SC3-NS2-S0)Description:
To eliminate the 1-DOF type streamwise vibrations of the test structure that occurred during the initial set of trials, diagonal HSS steel section braces were added to restrain this type of motion. This data subset used sensor configuration 3 (SC3), had 2 neighboring structures (NS2), and the test structure was unshielded (S0).
File Name
One neighboring structure (NS1) was included in this test configuration in the center of the Large Wave Flume. Since the neighboring structure was placed in front of the test structure and was aligned center-to-center with it, the test structure was considered 100% shielded (S100).
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- Sensor Information | Sensor Config 3Description:
Pressure Gauges: A set of 14 pressure gauges was used in 3 different configurations in different series of tests to obtain pressure measurements at a total of 30 different locations on the test structure. This sensor list represents the third subset or layout 3 of the pressure gauges, which had gauges mounted on the test structure in a rectangular pattern on its front face, pairs of gauges on its left and right faces, and a single gauge each on its bottom and back faces. Each gauge's data was saved to text files named after the gauge type and number. For example, pressure gauge 1 was saved as press1.txt. Load Cells: A set of 9 load cells were used to measure xyz-direction fluid forces acting on the test structure. Load cells 1 an 2 were used to measure x-direction (i.e. streamwise or along the length of the flume) forces acting on a front and a back leg, respectively. Load cells 3 and 4 were attached to the right (i.e. negative y face) side of the test structure and were used to measure y-direction (i.e. transverse or perpendicular to the flume walls) forces. Load cell 5 was attached to the back (i.e. positive x face) side of the test structure and was used to measure the x-direction force. Load cells 6 through 9 were attached to the top (i.e. positive z face) side of the test structure and were used to measure z-direction or vertical forces. The data recorded by each load cell was saved to files named according to the device type and its number. For example, load cell 1 was saved to load1.txt. Wave Gauges: A set of 3 wire resistance wave gauges (WGs) as well as a set of 7 ultrasonic wave gauges (USWGs) were used to measure free-surface elevation time histories along the length of the Large Wave Flume (LWF) and surrounding the test structure, respectively. The data files for these gauges were named according to their types followed by the gauge numbers. For example, WG1 would be saved to wg1.txt and similarly USWG1 would be saved to uswg1.txt. Additionally, a tenth wave gauge was mounted on the LWF piston wavemaker paddle, which saved data to the file wmwg.txt. ADVs: A set of 7 acoustic Doppler velocimeters (ADVs) were used to measure flow velocity vector (i.e. xyz velocity components, where x is along the length of the LWF, y is perpendicular to the LWF side walls, and z is upward) time histories surrounding the test structure. Note that each velocity component was saved separately to different text files, which were named u, v, and w (i.e. the x, y, and z velocity components) followed by the ADV gauge number. For example, the data files associated with ADV1 would be called u1.txt, v1.txt, and w1.txt.
File Name - Event | Unbroken Wave - Stiffened Test Structure (SC3-NS1-S100)Description:
To eliminate the 1-DOF type streamwise vibrations of the test structure that occurred during the initial set of trials, diagonal HSS steel section braces were added to restrain this type of motion. This data subset used sensor configuration 3 (SC3), had 1 neighboring structure (NS1), and the test structure was 100% shielded (S100).
File Name
One neighboring structure (NS1) was included in this test configuration near the center of the Large Wave Flume. Since the neighboring structure was placed partially in front of the test structure and its edge was aligned with the center of the test structure (i.e. half of the front face of the test structure was obstructed by the neighboring structure), the test structure was considered 50% shielded (S50).
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- Sensor Information | Sensor Config 3Description:
Pressure Gauges: A set of 14 pressure gauges was used in 3 different configurations in different series of tests to obtain pressure measurements at a total of 30 different locations on the test structure. This sensor list represents the third subset or layout 3 of the pressure gauges, which had gauges mounted on the test structure in a rectangular pattern on its front face, pairs of gauges on its left and right faces, and a single gauge each on its bottom and back faces. Each gauge's data was saved to text files named after the gauge type and number. For example, pressure gauge 1 was saved as press1.txt. Load Cells: A set of 9 load cells were used to measure xyz-direction fluid forces acting on the test structure. Load cells 1 an 2 were used to measure x-direction (i.e. streamwise or along the length of the flume) forces acting on a front and a back leg, respectively. Load cells 3 and 4 were attached to the right (i.e. negative y face) side of the test structure and were used to measure y-direction (i.e. transverse or perpendicular to the flume walls) forces. Load cell 5 was attached to the back (i.e. positive x face) side of the test structure and was used to measure the x-direction force. Load cells 6 through 9 were attached to the top (i.e. positive z face) side of the test structure and were used to measure z-direction or vertical forces. The data recorded by each load cell was saved to files named according to the device type and its number. For example, load cell 1 was saved to load1.txt. Wave Gauges: A set of 3 wire resistance wave gauges (WGs) as well as a set of 7 ultrasonic wave gauges (USWGs) were used to measure free-surface elevation time histories along the length of the Large Wave Flume (LWF) and surrounding the test structure, respectively. The data files for these gauges were named according to their types followed by the gauge numbers. For example, WG1 would be saved to wg1.txt and similarly USWG1 would be saved to uswg1.txt. Additionally, a tenth wave gauge was mounted on the LWF piston wavemaker paddle, which saved data to the file wmwg.txt. ADVs: A set of 7 acoustic Doppler velocimeters (ADVs) were used to measure flow velocity vector (i.e. xyz velocity components, where x is along the length of the LWF, y is perpendicular to the LWF side walls, and z is upward) time histories surrounding the test structure. Note that each velocity component was saved separately to different text files, which were named u, v, and w (i.e. the x, y, and z velocity components) followed by the ADV gauge number. For example, the data files associated with ADV1 would be called u1.txt, v1.txt, and w1.txt.
File Name - Event | Unbroken Wave - Stiffened Test Structure (SC3-NS1-S50)Description:
To eliminate the 1-DOF type streamwise vibrations of the test structure that occurred during the initial set of trials, diagonal HSS steel section braces were added to restrain this type of motion. This data subset used sensor configuration 3 (SC3), had 1 neighboring structure (NS1), and the test structure was 50% shielded (S50).
File Name
One neighboring structure (NS1) was included in this test configuration with its edge touching the right wall of the Large Wave Flume. Since the front face of the test structure and the neighboring structure did not overlap at all, the test structure was considered 0% shielded (S0).
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- Sensor Information | Sensor Config 3Description:
Pressure Gauges: A set of 14 pressure gauges was used in 3 different configurations in different series of tests to obtain pressure measurements at a total of 30 different locations on the test structure. This sensor list represents the third subset or layout 3 of the pressure gauges, which had gauges mounted on the test structure in a rectangular pattern on its front face, pairs of gauges on its left and right faces, and a single gauge each on its bottom and back faces. Each gauge's data was saved to text files named after the gauge type and number. For example, pressure gauge 1 was saved as press1.txt. Load Cells: A set of 9 load cells were used to measure xyz-direction fluid forces acting on the test structure. Load cells 1 an 2 were used to measure x-direction (i.e. streamwise or along the length of the flume) forces acting on a front and a back leg, respectively. Load cells 3 and 4 were attached to the right (i.e. negative y face) side of the test structure and were used to measure y-direction (i.e. transverse or perpendicular to the flume walls) forces. Load cell 5 was attached to the back (i.e. positive x face) side of the test structure and was used to measure the x-direction force. Load cells 6 through 9 were attached to the top (i.e. positive z face) side of the test structure and were used to measure z-direction or vertical forces. The data recorded by each load cell was saved to files named according to the device type and its number. For example, load cell 1 was saved to load1.txt. Wave Gauges: A set of 3 wire resistance wave gauges (WGs) as well as a set of 7 ultrasonic wave gauges (USWGs) were used to measure free-surface elevation time histories along the length of the Large Wave Flume (LWF) and surrounding the test structure, respectively. The data files for these gauges were named according to their types followed by the gauge numbers. For example, WG1 would be saved to wg1.txt and similarly USWG1 would be saved to uswg1.txt. Additionally, a tenth wave gauge was mounted on the LWF piston wavemaker paddle, which saved data to the file wmwg.txt. ADVs: A set of 7 acoustic Doppler velocimeters (ADVs) were used to measure flow velocity vector (i.e. xyz velocity components, where x is along the length of the LWF, y is perpendicular to the LWF side walls, and z is upward) time histories surrounding the test structure. Note that each velocity component was saved separately to different text files, which were named u, v, and w (i.e. the x, y, and z velocity components) followed by the ADV gauge number. For example, the data files associated with ADV1 would be called u1.txt, v1.txt, and w1.txt.
File Name - Event | Unbroken Wave - Stiffened Test Structure (SC3-NS1-S0)Description:
To eliminate the 1-DOF type streamwise vibrations of the test structure that occurred during the initial set of trials, diagonal HSS steel section braces were added to restrain this type of motion. This data subset used sensor configuration 3 (SC3), had 1 neighboring structure (NS1), and the test structure was unshielded (S0).
File Name
No neighboring structures (NS) were included in this test configuration and consequently the front face of the test structure was 0% shielded (S0).
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- Sensor Information | Sensor Config 3Description:
Pressure Gauges: A set of 14 pressure gauges was used in 3 different configurations in different series of tests to obtain pressure measurements at a total of 30 different locations on the test structure. This sensor list represents the third subset or layout 3 of the pressure gauges, which had gauges mounted on the test structure in a rectangular pattern on its front face, pairs of gauges on its left and right faces, and a single gauge each on its bottom and back faces. Each gauge's data was saved to text files named after the gauge type and number. For example, pressure gauge 1 was saved as press1.txt. Load Cells: A set of 9 load cells were used to measure xyz-direction fluid forces acting on the test structure. Load cells 1 an 2 were used to measure x-direction (i.e. streamwise or along the length of the flume) forces acting on a front and a back leg, respectively. Load cells 3 and 4 were attached to the right (i.e. negative y face) side of the test structure and were used to measure y-direction (i.e. transverse or perpendicular to the flume walls) forces. Load cell 5 was attached to the back (i.e. positive x face) side of the test structure and was used to measure the x-direction force. Load cells 6 through 9 were attached to the top (i.e. positive z face) side of the test structure and were used to measure z-direction or vertical forces. The data recorded by each load cell was saved to files named according to the device type and its number. For example, load cell 1 was saved to load1.txt. Wave Gauges: A set of 3 wire resistance wave gauges (WGs) as well as a set of 7 ultrasonic wave gauges (USWGs) were used to measure free-surface elevation time histories along the length of the Large Wave Flume (LWF) and surrounding the test structure, respectively. The data files for these gauges were named according to their types followed by the gauge numbers. For example, WG1 would be saved to wg1.txt and similarly USWG1 would be saved to uswg1.txt. Additionally, a tenth wave gauge was mounted on the LWF piston wavemaker paddle, which saved data to the file wmwg.txt. ADVs: A set of 7 acoustic Doppler velocimeters (ADVs) were used to measure flow velocity vector (i.e. xyz velocity components, where x is along the length of the LWF, y is perpendicular to the LWF side walls, and z is upward) time histories surrounding the test structure. Note that each velocity component was saved separately to different text files, which were named u, v, and w (i.e. the x, y, and z velocity components) followed by the ADV gauge number. For example, the data files associated with ADV1 would be called u1.txt, v1.txt, and w1.txt.
File Name - Event | Unbroken Wave - Stiffened Test Structure (SC3-NS0-S0)Description:
To eliminate the 1-DOF type streamwise vibrations of the test structure that occurred during the initial set of trials, diagonal HSS steel section braces were added to restrain this type of motion. This data subset used sensor configuration 3 (SC3), had no neighboring structures (NS0), and the test structure was unshielded (S0).
File Name - Event | Unbroken Wave - Unstiffened Structure (SC3-NS0-S0)Description:
Initially, the test structure was less restrained against streamwise, 1-DOF type vibration, which was observed to have an amplitude of roughly 2 inches. This data subset used sensor configuration 3 (SC3), had no neighboring structures (NS0), and the test structure was unshielded (S0).
File Name
- Sensor Information | Sensor Config 2Description:
Pressure Gauges: A set of 14 pressure gauges was used in 3 different configurations in different series of tests to obtain pressure measurements at a total of 30 different locations on the test structure. This sensor list represents the second subset or layout 2 of the pressure gauges, which had gauges mounted in U-shaped patterns on front and bottom faces of the test structure. Each gauge's data was saved to text files named after the gauge type and number. For example, pressure gauge 1 was saved as press1.txt. Load Cells: A set of 9 load cells were used to measure xyz-direction fluid forces acting on the test structure. Load cells 1 an 2 were used to measure x-direction (i.e. streamwise or along the length of the flume) forces acting on a front and a back leg, respectively. Load cells 3 and 4 were attached to the right (i.e. negative y face) side of the test structure and were used to measure y-direction (i.e. transverse or perpendicular to the flume walls) forces. Load cell 5 was attached to the back (i.e. positive x face) side of the test structure and was used to measure the x-direction force. Load cells 6 through 9 were attached to the top (i.e. positive z face) side of the test structure and were used to measure z-direction or vertical forces. The data recorded by each load cell was saved to files named according to the device type and its number. For example, load cell 1 was saved to load1.txt. Wave Gauges: A set of 3 wire resistance wave gauges (WGs) as well as a set of 7 ultrasonic wave gauges (USWGs) were used to measure free-surface elevation time histories along the length of the Large Wave Flume (LWF) and surrounding the test structure, respectively. The data files for these gauges were named according to their types followed by the gauge numbers. For example, WG1 would be saved to wg1.txt and similarly USWG1 would be saved to uswg1.txt. Additionally, a tenth wave gauge was mounted on the LWF piston wavemaker paddle, which saved data to the file wmwg.txt. ADVs: A set of 7 acoustic Doppler velocimeters (ADVs) were used to measure flow velocity vector (i.e. xyz velocity components, where x is along the length of the LWF, y is perpendicular to the LWF side walls, and z is upward) time histories surrounding the test structure. Note that each velocity component was saved separately to different text files, which were named u, v, and w (i.e. the x, y, and z velocity components) followed by the ADV gauge number. For example, the data files associated with ADV1 would be called u1.txt, v1.txt, and w1.txt.
File Name - Event | Unbroken Wave - Stiffened Test Structure (SC2-NS0-S0)Description:
To eliminate the 1-DOF type streamwise vibrations of the test structure that occurred during the initial set of trials, diagonal HSS steel section braces were added to restrain this type of motion. This data subset used sensor configuration 2 (SC2), had no neighboring structures (NS0), and the test structure was unshielded (S0).
File Name - Event | Unbroken Wave - Unstiffened Test Structure (SC2-NS0-S0)Description:
Initially, the test structure was less restrained against streamwise, 1-DOF type vibration, which was observed to have an amplitude of roughly 2 inches. This data subset used sensor configuration 2 (SC2), had no neighboring structures (NS0), and the test structure was unshielded (S0).
File Name
- Sensor Information | Sensor Config 1Description:
Pressure Gauges: A set of 14 pressure gauges was used in 3 different configurations in different series of tests to obtain pressure measurements at a total of 30 different locations on the test structure. This sensor list represents the first subset or layout 1 of the pressure gauges, which had gauges mounted along the centerline of the test structure on its front, bottom, and back faces. Each gauge's data was saved to text files named after the gauge type and number. For example, pressure gauge 1 was saved as press1.txt. Load Cells: A set of 9 load cells were used to measure xyz-direction fluid forces acting on the test structure. Load cells 1 an 2 were used to measure x-direction (i.e. streamwise or along the length of the flume) forces acting on a front and a back leg, respectively. Load cells 3 and 4 were attached to the right (i.e. negative y face) side of the test structure and were used to measure y-direction (i.e. transverse or perpendicular to the flume walls) forces. Load cell 5 was attached to the back (i.e. positive x face) side of the test structure and was used to measure the x-direction force. Load cells 6 through 9 were attached to the top (i.e. positive z face) side of the test structure and were used to measure z-direction or vertical forces. The data recorded by each load cell was saved to files named according to the device type and its number. For example, load cell 1 was saved to load1.txt. Wave Gauges: A set of 3 wire resistance wave gauges (WGs) as well as a set of 7 ultrasonic wave gauges (USWGs) were used to measure free-surface elevation time histories along the length of the Large Wave Flume (LWF) and surrounding the test structure, respectively. The data files for these gauges were named according to their types followed by the gauge numbers. For example, WG1 would be saved to wg1.txt and similarly USWG1 would be saved to uswg1.txt. Additionally, a tenth wave gauge was mounted on the LWF piston wavemaker paddle, which saved data to the file wmwg.txt. ADVs: A set of 7 acoustic Doppler velocimeters (ADVs) were used to measure flow velocity vector (i.e. xyz velocity components, where x is along the length of the LWF, y is perpendicular to the LWF side walls, and z is upward) time histories surrounding the test structure. Note that each velocity component was saved separately to different text files, which were named u, v, and w (i.e. the x, y, and z velocity components) followed by the ADV gauge number. For example, the data files associated with ADV1 would be called u1.txt, v1.txt, and w1.txt.
File Name - Event | Unbroken Wave - Unstiffened Test Structure (SC1-NS0-S0)Description:
Initially, the test structure was less restrained against streamwise, 1-DOF type vibration, which was observed to have an amplitude of roughly 2 inches. This data subset used sensor configuration 1 (SC1), had no neighboring structures (NS0), and the test structure was unshielded (S0).
File Name